Advanteges

Ammonia
Classified by ASHRAE under the code R-717 and included in the group of natural refrigerants, ammonia does not damage the ozone layer and has the advantage of being able to produce temperatures down to -70 °C. Unlike carbon dioxide, ammonia can be used in existing systems. This substance has many desirable properties and has been known as a refrigerant for approximately a century.

Ammonia is safe for the environment. Its Ozone Depletion Potential (ODP) is zero and its Global Warming Potential (GWP) is also zero.

Ammonia is an alternative refrigerant for both refrigeration and air conditioning systems. In addition, it can be used in both new and existing equipment. It has a low boiling point (-33 °C), does not deplete the ozone layer when released into the atmosphere, does not directly contribute to global warming, and has a high latent heat of evaporation. This gas remains in the atmosphere for only a few days, so it is considered biodegradable.

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Advantages of Carbon Dioxide
From a thermodynamic performance perspective, CO2 has high thermal conductivity and high density in the gaseous phase—important factors for good heat transfer in evaporators, condensers, and gas coolers. These characteristics allow for the selection of smaller equipment compared to systems using synthetic fluorinated gases. Another design advantage is its low pressure drop, which allows for reduced pipe diameters.
CO2 is safe for the environment. Its Ozone Depletion Potential (ODP) is zero and its Global Warming Potential (GWP) is rated as one.